SPACE-TEMPORAL DETECTION OF CLIMATE EXTREMS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON FIRES AND WATER RESOURCES USING REMOTE SENSORS
Drought; SPI; hydrographic basin; fire foci.
The imbalance in the supply and demand for water caused by natural events such as drought is capable of destabilizing human activities. It is estimated that by 2030, approximately 700 million people will be impacted by the effects of drought, which have a significant impingement on social and economic spheres. Changes in climatic patterns indicate that dry periods will be intensified, and as a result, episodes of forest fires and an amplification in greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions will increase the risks to global public health. Between 1999 and 2018, there were heat sources in all Brazilian biomes. These emissions from the burning of plant biomass, contribute to the country being one of the world's largest emitters of greenhouse gases. In Tocantins, drought events that occur mainly in the southeastern region of the state, as well as the high number of heat sources, represent a direct risk to communities, the environment and water resources. In this work, the study area comprises the Manoel Alves da Natividade River Basin - BHMAN, due to its important role to agriculture and to the communities inserted in this study area, which depend on this water resource. Through the use of remote sensing techniques, drought events (using the standardized precipitation index - SPI), and heat sources (through products available by the MODIS sensor) will be analyzed, in order to identify the possible synergistic pattern established by both factors, to then elaborate a methodology that helps the monitoring in hydrographic basins.