BETWEEN FICTION AND REALITY: VIOLATED RIGHTS AND EXPLOITATION IN THE NOVEL SOLITÁRIA, BY ELIANA ALVES CRUZ
Fiction and reality, Violated rights, Exploration, Solitária, Eliana Alves Cruz
This research analyzes the novel Solitária (2022), by Eliana Alves Cruz, in light of social issues concerning the working conditions of domestic workers and their daughters in Brazil. The central problem consists of understanding literature authored by Black Brazilian women as a significant form of denouncing rights violations and the marginalization experienced by these women and their families throughout history. The study is based on the premise that the novel highlights the persistence of anachronistic practices of subordination, expressed through child labor exploitation and violations of children’s and adolescents’ fundamental rights, particularly regarding the right not to be exploited and to have their social position recognized and respected. Through literature, the narrative seeks to promote the social emancipation of the community portrayed, emphasizing resilience and the importance of giving voice to the victims in their struggle for rights. The general objective is to expand critical discussions on the relationship between Literature and Society, addressing rights violations and power dynamics affecting domestic workers and their children, highlighting literature’s role in raising awareness of modern slavery and child exploitation. Methodologically, this is a qualitative study of a bibliographic and analytical-interpretative nature, developed through a dialectical method, in order to understand the contradictions between reality and fiction, as well as between oppression and resistance. The methodological path comprises two complementary stages: a bibliographic review on literature authored by Black Brazilian women in the contemporary context, and the literary analysis of the novel Solitária (2022). This approach allows for establishing connections with Afro-Brazilian literature and understanding the representativeness of the author’s writing, while also enabling a comparative analysis between reality and fiction regarding the experiences of domestic workers in Brazil and their daughters, as well as the rights violations portrayed in the novel. The theoretical framework engages with authors such as Almeida (2019), Bento (2022), Cuti (2010), Davis (2016), and Gonzalez (2020), among other works consulted throughout the research. The novel Solitária (2022) illustrates how violence and exploitation impact the lives of children and adolescents, affecting their identity, memory, and social integration. Through its narrative, the author not only denounces these violations but also opens space for discussion on resistance and the need to value the voices of victims in the pursuit of justice and social equality. The results indicate that Solitária (2022) denounces the exploitation of domestic and child labor, revealing how these practices perpetuate processes of marginalization of Black women and children. At the same time, the novel highlights their resilience and resistance, giving visibility to historically silenced subjects and reaffirming literature as a tool for denunciation, awareness, and social transformation.