MANUAL OF INVESTIGATIVE TEACHING PROPOSALS AS A THEORETICAL-METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR TEACHING BIOLOGY
Biological Sciences. High School. Teaching by investigation. Paradidactic.
Research reveals that there is a lack of studies on teaching science by research in brazilian education, especially in Elementary and High School, and that there are few initiatives aimed at investigative activities for the content of Biology. In view of these assumptions, the present study emerged with the objective of building a manual of investigative didactic proposals for the teaching of Biology, intending to enhance/encourage the use of this didactic approach by teachers of basic education in the country. Specifically, the objectives are: (i) to raise specific literature on science teaching by research; (ii) producing ten proposals for applicable investigative didactic sequences of Biology content in High School; and (iii) publicize investigative didactic proposals for teachers of basic education in the state of Mato Grosso. To survey the theoretical frameworks, searches were carried out in databases using as descriptors the terms “Science teaching by investigation”, “investigative teaching”, “investigative activities”, “investigative didactic sequences”, “assessment of learning in investigative approaches”. From the search, some references were selected that supported the present study. Then, an investigative didactic sequence manual for teaching Biology was planned and produced. The manual’s proposals start from proposing a problem to be analyzed, raising hypotheses, collecting information, socializing information and contextualizing knowledge with the students’ reality. The manual has a total of 113 sheets and was produced using Microsoft Office Word software version 2010. It is structured in five sections, which are: (i) Presentation; (ii) Theoretical contribution; (iii) Proposals for investigative teaching sequences; (iv) References; and (v) Who are the authors? The product has a total of ten teaching sequences, four of which are suggested for the 1st year, four for the 2nd year and two for the 3rd year of High School. The themes chosen to compose the sequences traditionally involve an obstacle in their teaching, due to the controversy that their approach in the classroom has generated, the stereotypes and invisibility of the content in the views of students and teachers of Biology in basic education, due to the fact as a public, social and environmental health problem. In the proposals presented, there is always a problem to be solved by the students and, from there, the class is oriented to form groups for the process of raising hypotheses and solving it through diversified strategies, such as experiments, readings, research of field, videos, didactic games, among others, socializing/communicating with the class or the school community the data and information obtained, in addition to linking, at the end, the knowledge acquired with the local reality. Thus, it is believed that the dissemination and use of this manual in the school spaces of basic education may encourage the use of investigative teaching proposals, and thus, allowing students to be protagonists in the formation of their knowledge.