COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM AND LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE: COLLABORATIVE PRACTICES FOR TERRITORIAL PLANNING AND GOVERNANCE IN CINTURÃO VERDE/FACÃO, CÁCERES–MT
Community-Based Tourism; Local Ecological Knowledge; community participation; territorial governance; sustainable territorial development.
Given the sustainability limitations of sport fishing tourism in Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Community-Based Tourism (CBT) offers possibilities for diversifying tourism experiences through the participation of local communities in sustainable tourism planning and management. In the Cinturão Verde/Facão rural settlement, Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK)—developed through daily interactions with the environment and comprising insights into biodiversity, seasonality, and practices regarding the use and care of the territory—informs community-based tourism planning and management, while integrating cultural memories and practices. This thesis, structured as four articles, aims to analyze how collaborative practices grounded in LEK guide the planning and organization of CBT in Cinturão Verde/Facão. The research combines a systematic review and bibliometric analysis with participatory action research, involving a territorial diagnosis, participatory inventory, mapping, tourism experimentation, and the systematization of guidelines. The first article examines the intersections between CBT, LEK, and the climate crisis. Of the 130 articles analyzed, 24 addressed the relationship between CBT and LEK, yet only one included the climate dimension, highlighting gaps in this connection. The second article presents a participatory diagnosis of the territory's potential and limitations. Natural, historical, cultural, and gastronomic resources were identified, alongside limitations related to training, infrastructure, and seasonality. Residents' knowledge contributed to an understanding of the uses and care associated with these resources and aided in the selection of tourism experiences. The third article analyzes the participatory development, legitimation, and evaluation of the experimental tourism itinerary “Nos Caminhos da Amélia” (On Amélia’s Paths), which brings together experiences related to nature, history, culture, productive home gardens, and gastronomy. Implementing this itinerary with students and teachers from public institutions made it possible to test and revise rules, responsibilities, visitor capacity, and benefit-sharing arrangements. Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) guided the interpretation of the territory and the organization of activities, fostering collective learning and community governance. The fourth article presents a systematization of the results—derived from the territorial diagnosis, participatory inventory, and the trial run of the “Nos Caminhos da Amélia” itinerary—into a proposed best-practices manual for Community-Based Tourism (CBT) in the Cinturão Verde/Facão rural settlement. By consolidating previously scattered information and clarifying the responsibilities and conditions for conducting tourism experiences, the manual provides a foundation for community organization; it links territorial recognition to CBT decision-making and supports local residents in maintaining control over places, knowledge, and benefits. Taken together, the articles demonstrate how LEK connects territorial recognition to decisions regarding tourism experiences. Collaborative practices provide a basis for CBT planning and can contribute to sustainable territorial development through community control, heritage conservation, technical preparation, and benefit distribution. The climate dimension remains an area for further study. The thesis aligns with SDGs 8, 11, 13, and 15.