AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AND USE OF PLANTS IN THE URBAN AREA OF CÁCERES, MATO GROSSO: AN ETHNOBOTANICAL APPROACH
Agriculture, Backyards, Urban Gardens, Memory.
The science in which this work is inscribed is ethnobotany. This area of knowledge is concerned in understanding how human groups relate and explain the plants, their attributes, materials and immaterial, present in their ways of life. The objective is to record knowledge about the plants kept in cultivation spaces (yards and gardens) in the neighborhoods of São Jorge and Lobo, city of Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. For the selection of interlocutors, we used the "snowball" sampling technique, allowing access to the research subjects and their experiences. Data collection took place through a semi-structured form, with open and closed questions, supplemented by field observations, notebook notes, photographic records and the interviews were recorded in audio, and transcribed later. The research was carried out with 17 participants from different backgrounds, being: 13 people from the state of Mato Grosso, highlighting the main aspects of ethnoknowledge: inherited knowledge from older, use and cultivation of medicinal plants, care practices in urban backyards and gardens, cultivation as a therapeutic form and family memory. In relation to gender, the presence of 13 women stood out among the interviewees, while four were men. 103 species belonging to 41 botanical families were recorded, all confirmed by vouchers collected in 17 yards and three urban gardens. The interviewees in both neighborhoods not only share their knowledge, but also emphasize the importance of conserving and valuing it as a cultural legacy and resistance of living memory in the urban context. This strengthens the heritage and sustainability, highlighting the main aspects of ethnoknowledge: the transmission of transgenerational knowledge by orality, connected to the use and cultivation of ornamental plants, medicinal plants, planting for human consumption; medicinal use for domestic animals and those that generate thermal comfort. This knowledge demonstrates the importance of urban backyards as sites of cultural, social and environmental preservation.