Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: MARCELO CAETANO VACCHIANO

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : MARCELO CAETANO VACCHIANO
DATA : 16/09/2025
HORA: 08:00
LOCAL: Cáceres
TÍTULO:

ACTION BY THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE OF THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO IN THE FACE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND ANTHROPOGENIC PRESSURES IN THE SIÁ MARIANA/CHACORORÉ LAKE SYSTEM, PANTANAL MATOGROSSENSE.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Environmental governance, traditional communities, public policies, vulnerability, resilience, biodiversity conservation.

PÁGINAS: 107
GRANDE ÁREA: Outra
ÁREA: Ciências Ambientais
RESUMO:

This thesis addresses the problem of socio-environmental degradation in the Chacororé/Siá Mariana lake system, in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, a globally significant biome. The research is based on the constitutional principle of the right to an ecologically balanced environment, highlighting the need for environmental management that considers the interests of both present and future generations. The Pantanal, with its unique hydrological dynamic, the "flood pulse," is the central focus, and the studies specifically concentrated on the Chacororé/Siá Mariana lake system, in Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso. The research identifies the region's traditional communities as vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures, such as water insecurity and the indiscriminate use of pesticides, and to climate threats, such as reduced rainfall and extreme events. The main anthropogenic pressures identified are agriculture, livestock farming, and the construction of hydroelectric plants, which threaten the structure and function of the Pantanal ecosystem, essential for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the role of the Public Prosecutor's Office of the State of Mato Grosso in protecting the Siá Mariana/Chacororé lake system against the pressures of climate change and anthropogenic actions. The research seeks to identify the main socio-environmental threats perceived by traditional communities, evaluate the effectiveness of public policies, such as the "Zero Transport Law," and propose the creation of a Conservation Unit of the Sustainable Development Reserve type as a management and adaptation strategy that values community participation and local knowledge. The research is structured into three chapters, each with a specific methodological approach. The first chapter uses a SWOT analysis matrix (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and semi-structured interviews with traditional communities (Sesmaria Boa Ventura and Água Branca), applying the Snowball method for selecting interviewees. The goal was to analyze how these communities perceive and adapt to socio-environmental changes and public policies. The second chapter analyzes public hearings on the "Zero Transport Law" in the Mato Grosso Pantanal, with the transcription and analysis of statements from 123 participants, including fishers, researchers, and institutional representatives, to understand the perceptions and socio-environmental impacts of the legislation. The third chapter proposes the creation of a Conservation Unit (UC) of the Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS) type as an adaptation and mitigation strategy, based on Brazilian Law No. 9,985/2000, aiming to protect water, biodiversity, and local culture through participatory management. The integrated analysis of field data, collected testimonies, and public policy evaluations allowed for a holistic understanding of the challenges faced in the region. The study's results reveal a complex scenario. The SWOT analysis showed that traditional communities face difficulties such as water insecurity (18.87%) and food insecurity (15.09%), and threats like environmental insecurity (27.59%) and pesticide use (10.34%). In response, they develop adaptations, such as building wells and changing agricultural calendars, and reintegrating traditional ecological knowledge as a resilience mechanism. The analysis of public hearings on the "Zero Transport Law" revealed strong discontent: 90% of speakers opposed the legislation, citing a lack of scientific basis and negative impacts on artisanal fishers. The thesis concludes that the law criminalizes those who depend on fishing for their livelihood, rather than addressing the true causes of environmental impacts, and that replacing fishing with tourism or catch-and-release practices violates traditional knowledge. The proposal for creating a Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS) is presented as a solution to reconcile environmental preservation with the sustainable use of resources by communities, ensuring their participation in management and valuing their knowledge and practices. The research concludes that the preservation of the Pantanal requires an integrated approach that considers the interdependence between ecological, socioeconomic, and cultural aspects. Traditional communities, despite their resilience, are vulnerable due to ineffective environmental governance and inadequate public policies. The thesis suggests that creating an RDS is a promising strategy to protect the Pantanal's vital ecosystem services while empowering local communities, combating political invisibility, and ensuring the sustainability of their way of life. In summary, the protection of this natural heritage will only be effective if there is an integration of public policies, community participation, and economic mechanisms that promote sustainable management, ensuring that the Pantanal continues to support the life and culture of its communities and to provide environmental benefits for all of society.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 84207007 - CAROLINA JOANA DA SILVA
Interno - 65536013 - CLAUMIR CESAR MUNIZ
Interno - 802.146.574-34 - FLÁVIO BEZERRA BARROS - UFPA
Interno - 82438001 - SANDRO BENEDITO SGUAREZI
Interna - 48690002 - SOLANGE KIMIE IKEDA CASTRILLON
Externa à Instituição - DANIELA MAIMONI DE FIGUEIREDO - UFMT
Externa à Instituição - SIMONI MARIA LOVERDE OLIVEIRA - UFRJ