Influence of climate and land-use changes on the redistribution of potential vector and reservoir species of diseases relevant to veterinary and public health in the Neotropics
Zoonoses; Climate Modeling; Environmental Degradation; Climate Change; Mammals
In recent decades, climate change and land-use transformations have caused significant negative impacts on ecosystems. The potential redistribution of disease vectors is directly linked to anthropogenic activities, which have altered numerous environmental characteristics such as temperature, the quantity and quality of native habitats, and the potential increase in vector–host interactions due to widespread environmental degradation. The challenge of understanding and reversing these processes directly affects the public and veterinary health sectors, both of which are essential for maintaining human well-being. In this project, we aim to assess and model the potential redistribution of the main vector-reservoir species of rabies (Desmodus rotundus) and visceral leishmaniasis (Lutzomyia longipalpis, Cerdocyon thous, and Lycalopex spp.) in response to climate and land-use changes in the Neotropics. To achieve this, we will use species occurrence data, current and future climatic conditions, and land-use and land-cover information for the region. We expect to better understand the future distribution of these vector-reservoirs, enabling large-scale predictions and informed decision-making in conservation, public health, and veterinary health.