Vertebrates in Urban Fragments of the Southern Amazon
The fragmentation of forest habitats poses a crucial challenge for biodiversity conservation, particularly in the Southern Amazon. This study aimed to assess the biodiversity of medium- and large-sized vertebrates in urban forest fragments located in the municipality of Alta Floresta, in the northern part of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. To this end, six linear transects ranging from 320 to 428 meters in length were established in different urban remnants, which were surveyed between January and April 2024. The distance sampling technique was applied, using the R software for detection modeling and for calculating the density of the most frequently recorded species, the tufted capuchin monkey (Sapajus apella). In addition, a survey was conducted to identify other large vertebrate species present in these fragments. The data revealed that, even under anthropogenic pressure, the urban forests of Alta Floresta host a significant diversity of vertebrates, including several threatened species. Species such as Sapajus apella, Ateles marginatus, and Didelphis marsupialis stood out for their higher detection rates. These results reaffirm the need to maintain the connectivity of urban forest remnants as a strategy for biodiversity conservation. Transect sampling demonstrated limited efficiency in monitoring vertebrates in urbanized areas, as greater sampling effort would be required to provide adequate data for management planning and biodiversity-aligned public policies.