The Importance of Byrsonima orbygniana Seeds in Ecological Restoration Programs in the Pantanal
Pantanal canjiquinha; forest seeds; dormancy; germination.
The genus Byrsonima is widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, with a significant presence in Brazil, especially in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal biomes. Among the species of this genus, Byrsonima orbignyana (synonymous with Byrsonima cydoniifolia), known as canjiquinha-do-pantanal or canjiqueira, stands out. Its presence in the Pantanal gives rise to monodominant stands known as “canjiqueirais,” which can account for more than 50% of the vegetation cover in certain areas. These stands are associated with specific environmental conditions, such as sandy soils and seasonal flooding patterns, and their structure and dynamics are also influenced by factors such as fire, livestock grazing, and environmental changes. In addition to its significance in the composition of Pantanal vegetation, B. orbignyana plays an important ecological role, as its fruits serve as a food source for wildlife, contributing to seed dispersal and natural regeneration. The species also has the ability to regrow after disturbances, a relevant characteristic in environments subject to burning. Its fruits are used by local communities for fresh consumption and in the preparation of fruit purees, jams, and beverages, offering potential for income generation and food security. However, intensifying environmental pressures—such as wildfires, the expansion of livestock farming, and changes in the hydrological regime associated with climate change—have compromised the regeneration and maintenance of natural populations. In this context, knowledge of seed physiology, particularly the mechanisms of dormancy, is essential to inform conservation and ecological restoration strategies. Dormancy is an adaptive strategy that allows seeds to survive until environmental conditions favorable for germination are established. Thus, identifying effective methods to break the dormancy of B. orbignyana can contribute to seedling production and their use in programs to restore degraded areas in the Pantanal. In light of this, the present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different pre-germination treatments in breaking the dormancy of Byrsonima orbignyana seeds, with the goal of identifying the most appropriate method to promote germination of the species.